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Showing posts from September, 2023

Computer Networking 101

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Hello Everyone !! I hope you are doing well. We all know the importance of the Internet world. But how does that happen? In the series on Computer Networking we will learn the following topics: What is the Client-Server model? What is Internet Protocol? How does our device connect to Wi-Fi or Hotspot? What happens when you search for www.google.com , www.facebook.com , www.amazon.com , www.linkedin.com , www.github.com , www.youtube.com ,etc?

How does our device connect to any Wi-Fi or Hotspot ?

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 In this blog, we will understand:  How does our device connect to any Wi-Fi or Hotspot ? How do requests from our device reach Google, Facebook, and YouTube servers? OR What happens when you search  for  YouTube, Facebook, Google, Amazon, Stackoverflow, GitHub, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc.?? After powering "ON" the laptop, the very first thing we do is to connect the laptop to Wi-Fi. Have you ever thought about How does laptop connects to the Hotspot or Wi-Fi??   So, in our context laptop is looking for Wi-Fi service, therefore laptop is considered to be a Client. The device (i.e. router) which provides Wi-Fi service is known as Server.  NOTE : Client-server is a relative term. Suppose your laptop provides a hotspot to others, therefore in that case your laptop will be considered as a Server, and the devices that are connected to it will be considered as clients. To know more about the Client-Server model refer here. Client-Server always communicates through a common language kn

What is Virtual Private Cloud in AWS ??

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VPC is one of the services provided by AWS to isolate your resources from others by launching resources in a separate network. You may have noticed when you have launched an instance, by default AWS attaches a VPC to that instance. By doing so, it is configuring your instance to internet connectivity. Basically, when instances are attached to default VPC in AWS, it is exposed to the public world, but what if you want some instances should be privately available and only a few to be publicly accessible. In such default, VPC will not help you, therefore to accomplish your need, you need to create your own VPC. So, to create your own VPC or private network you need to have an understanding of terminologies related to VPC such as Internet Gateway, Routing Table, Sub-Network, NAT gateway, VPC peering, Security Groups, NACLs, CIDR, etc. So, the requirement of own VPC depends on use cases to use cases. Secondly, understanding the concepts of Networking practically, is one of the best ways, be

What is Internet Protocol ??

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In our day-to-day lives, we communicate with different people in a different way are in the following ways: With Friends: In normal and any language. With Parents: In a respected manner. With Teacher: In a respected manner. With Milkman: In their language. For example: Please give me 1 liter of milk. We can not ask them to give us 1 kg of milk. We communicate with different people in different manners or different languages.  For example: To speak with Chinese people/ British people/ French people/ Indian people/ American people, we must know the Chinese language/ English language/ French language/ Hindi language/ English language respectively for communication. Similarly communicating with physically handicapped such as deaf people, we must know the body language for communication. To communicate with animals we use their kind of language. So, the common language that has to be used for communication is known as Protocol.  The protocol includes the syntax and format of that

AWS and its Services ??

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So, in a previous blog, we learned about cloud computing and its importance . Here we will start with the popular cloud service provider, Amazon Web Services(AWS).  AWS or Amazon Web Services is a cloud service provider that offers various cloud computing services that are accessible via the public internet. The popular services provided by AWS are:  Virtual machine(EC2),  Virtual Network(VPC), Restrict access to cloud resources(IAM), etc.  Executing functions(Lambda),  Automating your infrastructure(CloudFormation),  Object Storage(S3),  Block Storage for Virtual Machines(EBS),  Running and Managing Containers(ECS and fargate),  Network Filesystem(EBS),  SQL database(RDS),    Load Balancer(ELB),   Monitoring and logging(CloudWatch),  We will learn these services one by one.  In this blog, we will cover Virtual Machines (EC2). These services can be accessed in four ways: Console :  access AWS services through a graphical user interface (GUI) CLI :    to manage and access AWS services

How Kernel boot up ??

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How the Linux Kernel Boots? Hey tech lovers. This time back with one of the interesting topics of Linux, how Operating System start? The reason behind writing this blog is curiosity within me pulls down to know what's going under the hood when OS starts. After knowing can stop myself from sharing with you all. I believe that an individual can not learn everything but by sharing things it becomes easier for the learner to understand things properly within a short span of time. Always try to share your knowledge. It enhances your knowledge as well as saves time for others. Let's begin with the topic:  What happens after pressing the Power ON button on the computer? As the user powers ON the machine, the Power supply goes to the motherboard. The motherboard tries to start the CPU. After the CPU  starts, first of all, it clears old data from registers. After that CPU goes to its memory location(0xffff0000→ address sector on the hard disk) to see if any instruction is present or no

Operating System (OS) with 32 bit will stop working after 19 January 1938....

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Do you know when the 32-bit OS will stop working?                                                         OR When will 32-bit computers stop storing data? Before moving forward, it's always good to know the content:  When will 32-bit Unix Based OS will stop working exactly Why did it happen on the exact time and date? What are bits and the Maximum value of standard bits? Obviously, 32-bit has such a big capacity to store data/values, so what type of storing data or values will lead to cross 32-bit maximum value? Why time has to be memorized by OS. Is there any significance of time as such? Is there any particular date from when OS has to remember the time?  Why 1901 is considered to be the birth or origin of computers??  And in what unit is the time being stored in a 32-bit Unix-based OS ??  Calculation of seconds to be stored from 1901 till 1938? What are the Devices that will be impacted by this ??   Note : OS refers to 32-bit Linux or Unix-based OS. When will 32-bit Unix Based O